Does the optical splitter still need to fuse optical fibers
Not all optical splitters require fusing; only FBT splitters use fused fibers, while modern PLC splitters do not.
FBT (Fused Biconical Taper) Splitters
FBT splitters are created by removing the coating from two or more optical fibers, then heating and stretching them together to form a fused structure. This process allows precise control of the splitting ratio by adjusting the fiber torsion angle and stretch length. FBT splitters are cost-effective and widely used for small-scale applications, such as 1×2 or 1×4 splits, but they can have limitations in uniformity and scalability .
PLC (Planar Lightwave Circuit) Splitters
PLC splitters represent a more modern technology that does not require fusing fibers. Instead, they use photolithographic techniques to fabricate waveguides on a silica or semiconductor substrate, which guide and split the optical signal with high precision. PLC splitters are ideal for large-scale deployments, offering uniform splitting ratios, low insertion loss, and compact form factors, making them suitable for applications like 1×32 or 1×64 splits in FTTH networks .
Summary
- FBT splitters: Require fusing of fibers; suitable for small-scale, cost-sensitive applications.
- PLC splitters: Do not require fusing; use waveguide technology for precise, large-scale signal distribution. In modern optical networks, especially in Passive Optical Networks (PON) and FTTH deployments, PLC splitters are increasingly preferred, reducing the need for traditional fiber fusing while providing better performance and scalability .
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