The integration of photosensitive devices like photodiodes or phototransistors enables the realization of optical receivers and the following signal processing on a single chip. Possible applications are fiber receiver, pickup units for optical storage systems, or sensors, e. Optoelectronics (or optronics) is the study and application of electronic devices and systems that find, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics. In this context, light often includes invisible forms of radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared, in. Technologies for integrating optoelectronic devices and electronic circuitry can be classified as either hybrid or monolithic. None of these technologies is fully developed, but limited hybrid integration is available commercially. Optoelectronics sits at the interface of the two fields but is its own. Integrated optics is a technology which aims at constructing so-called integrated optical devices or photonic integrated circuits or planar lightwave circuits, containing several or many optical components which are combined to fulfill some complex functions.
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